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Six Sigma

Articles on Six Sigma, written for people who apply it day to day: practical, shop-floor examples, no fluff.

Six Sigma: practical guides, worked calculations and shop-floor examples. Browse every article in this topic and start with the main guide.

Six Sigma

Six Sigma DMAIC: Definition, Phases and Sigma Level Formula

Learn what Six Sigma is and how DMAIC works, with a worked example: DPU, DPMO and sigma level formulas, a conversion…

8 min read
Quality

P-chart: attribute control chart with a worked example

Learn to build a p-chart for proportion defective: UCL and LCL formulas, an example with 20 samples of 100 parts and…

9 min read
Quality

Gauge R&R and MSA: how to evaluate a measurement system

Understand MSA and Gauge R&R: repeatability, reproducibility, how to run the study, the %GRR calculation, the 10%…

9 min read
Quality

AQL sampling: how to use the ISO 2859-1 table

Learn AQL sampling step by step: lot size, inspection level, code letter, sample size, Ac and Re numbers and normal,…

8 min read
Quality

The 7 basic quality tools: what they are and how to use them

Learn the 7 basic quality tools with examples: check sheet, stratification, histogram, Pareto chart, fishbone diagram…

11 min read
Quality

Cp and Cpk: how to calculate process capability

Understand Cp and Cpk with a worked example, centered vs shifted processes, what a Cpk of 1.33 means, the link to PPM…

10 min read
Quality

FMEA: what it is, how to do it and how to calculate RPN

Learn FMEA step by step: severity, occurrence and detection, how to calculate the RPN, an example FMEA table, AIAG-VD…

11 min read
Quality

Pareto chart: what it is, the 80/20 rule and how to make one

Learn how to make a Pareto chart with a defect example, cumulative percentage, Juran's 80/20 rule and how to use…

9 min read
Quality

Statistical process control (SPC): how to use control charts

SPC on the shop floor: common vs. special causes, choosing the right control chart, calculating X-bar and R limits, a…

11 min read
Six Sigma

Lean vs. Six Sigma: What Are the Practical Differences

Understand the differences between Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma, when to use each methodology on its own, and why ma…

2026-07-16